Top 2% Scientists by Country 2023

Scientists on the list in each country, and how that number has changed.

Data Type
Year

Scientists per country

Single-year list2023
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Scientists 1 to 99 100+ 500+ 2,000+ 5,000+ 20,000+ No data

Boundaries are illustrative and do not imply any position on territorial status. Country names follow the source dataset.

Fastest growing

Single-year list2023 vs 2022

Biggest percentage gain on 2022, among countries with 50 or more scientists.

Iraq150 scientists+45.6% Pakistan709 scientists+39.3% Morocco83 scientists+36.1% United Arab Emirates408 scientists+31.2% Kenya52 scientists+30.0%

Biggest movers in rank

Single-year list2023 vs 2022

Most places climbed in the world ranking by number of listed scientists.

Saudi Arabia1,321 scientists▲ 6#23 in the world Kuwait64 scientists▲ 5#68 in the world Iraq150 scientists▲ 4#52 in the world Croatia108 scientists▲ 3#56 in the world Macau105 scientists▲ 3#57 in the world

All countries

175 countries, sorted by the single-year count. Every row opens that country's page.

# Country Single Year Career Data vs 2022
1 USAUnited States 69,386 81,159 +1.2%
2 CHNChina 23,487 9,013 +21.6%
3 GBRUnited Kingdom 16,795 18,692 +2.1%
4 DEUGermany 10,088 10,990 +1.3%
5 CANCanada 7,889 8,815 +2.0%
6 AUSAustralia 7,600 7,002 +3.4%
7 ITAItaly 7,099 5,723 +3.8%
8 JPNJapan 5,694 8,126 +3.6%
9 FRAFrance 5,588 6,522 +1.4%
10 INDIndia 4,635 2,578 +23.2%
11 NLDNetherlands 4,291 4,259 +1.8%
12 ESPSpain 3,736 3,230 +0.6%
13 CHESwitzerland 3,311 3,261 +2.4%
14 KORSouth Korea 3,240 2,120 +8.7%
15 SWESweden 2,548 3,200 +3.1%
16 IRNIran 2,141 871 +10.2%
17 DNKDenmark 1,958 2,034 +3.6%
18 BELBelgium 1,935 1,861 +3.4%
19 ISRIsrael 1,617 2,037 +5.2%
20 HKGHong Kong 1,452 1,176 +14.3%
21 TWNTaiwan 1,420 1,669 +6.0%
22 TURTurkey 1,395 1,040 +13.3%
23 SAUSaudi Arabia 1,321 576 +29.4%
24 AUTAustria 1,300 1,311 +3.1%
25 BRABrazil 1,294 979 +2.5%
26 SGPSingapore 1,222 956 +2.9%
27 NORNorway 1,188 1,315 -0.1%
28 POLPoland 1,143 1,119 +9.3%
29 FINFinland 1,109 1,364 +4.3%
30 NZLNew Zealand 932 1,076 +3.0%
31 GRCGreece 926 971 +4.6%
32 RUSRussia 909 906 -5.3%
33 ZAFSouth Africa 855 775 +6.5%
34 EGYEgypt 814 416 +20.1%
35 PRTPortugal 791 572 +2.7%
36 IRLIreland 777 769 +2.5%
37 MYSMalaysia 716 320 +15.1%
38 PAKPakistan 709 187 +39.3%
39 CZECzech Republic 472 513 +1.9%
40 AREUnited Arab Emirates 408 262 +31.2%
41 MEXMexico 355 352 -2.7%
42 THAThailand 341 230 +13.7%
43 HUNHungary 286 367 -1.0%
44 CHLChile 252 192 -0.4%
45 ROURomania 238 169 +13.9%
46 QATQatar 211 124 +7.1%
47 ARGArgentina 196 226 -2.5%
48 SVNSlovenia 191 172 +10.4%
49 NGANigeria 186 99 +24.0%
50 BGDBangladesh 177 58 +20.4%
51 VNMVietnam 171 64 +14.8%
52 IRQIraq 150 34 +45.6%
53 JORJordan 142 69 +29.1%
54 ETHEthiopia 134 17 +27.6%
55 SRBSerbia 117 83 +7.3%
56 HRVCroatia 108 75 +21.3%
57 MACMacau 105 54 +23.5%
58 SVKSlovakia 99 83 +3.1%
59 UKRUkraine 98 95 -11.7%
60 CYPCyprus 96 81 +4.3%
61 COLColombia 96 54 +18.5%
62 IDNIndonesia 92 29 +8.2%
63 OMNOman 85 46 +10.4%
64 MARMorocco 83 33 +36.1%
65 ESTEstonia 77 67 -3.8%
66 LBNLebanon 72 62 +1.4%
67 LUXLuxembourg 68 50 -5.6%
68 KWTKuwait 64 71 +28.0%
69 LTULithuania 63 38 +21.2%
70 TUNTunisia 62 28 +17.0%
71 BGRBulgaria 58 79 +5.5%
72 ISLIceland 57 64 +11.8%
73 DZAAlgeria 56 25 +5.7%
74 KENKenya 52 38 +30.0%
75 PHLPhilippines 50 29 +28.2%
76 GHAGhana 46 17 +43.8%
77 KAZKazakhstan 44 24 +2.3%
78 PERPeru 44 19 +22.2%
79 LKASri Lanka 42 24 +31.2%
80 PSEPalestine, State of 35 14 +34.6%
81 GEOGeorgia 34 33 -17.1%
82 LBRLiberia 25 22 +212.5%
83 BRNBrunei 22 14 +10.0%
84 NPLNepal 22 9 +4.8%
85 ECUEcuador 21 16 +23.5%
86 BHRBahrain 21 12 +16.7%
87 LVALatvia 20 16 +11.1%
88 MLTMalta 20 11 +5.3%
89 CMRCameroon 20 10 -4.8%
90 TZATanzania 18 11 +12.5%
91 UZBUzbekistan 18 6 +20.0%
92 PRIPuerto Rico 17 27 -10.5%
93 UGAUganda 17 12 +6.2%
94 URYUruguay 15 20 +0.0%
95 CRICosta Rica 15 18 +0.0%
96 PANPanama 14 18 -17.6%
97 VENVenezuela 13 25 +0.0%
98 AZEAzerbaijan 13 6 -7.1%
99 JAMJamaica 12 15 +0.0%
100 MKDNorth Macedonia 11 8 +37.5%
101 ZWEZimbabwe 10 11 -23.1%
102 BIHBosnia and Herzegovina 10 5 +11.1%
103 BLRBelarus 9 18 -18.2%
104 TTOTrinidad and Tobago 9 11 +12.5%
105 MUSMauritius 9 6 +12.5%
106 MWIMalawi 8 8 -11.1%
107 ARMArmenia 8 6 +33.3%
108 MCOMonaco 8 6 +0.0%
109 SENSenegal 8 4 -11.1%
110 BFABurkina Faso 8 - +33.3%
111 BWABotswana 7 6 +16.7%
112 YEMYemen 7 3 +0.0%
113 FJIFiji 6 5 -40.0%
114 ZMBZambia 6 5 +0.0%
115 GRDGrenada 5 7 +25.0%
116 SDNSudan 5 5 +66.7%
117 KHMCambodia 5 4 +0.0%
118 KNASaint Kitts and Nevis 4 7 +33.3%
119 CUBCuba 4 6 -20.0%
120 GMBGambia 4 4 +100.0%
121 MNEMontenegro 4 4 -20.0%
122 NAMNamibia 4 4 +0.0%
123 MOZMozambique 4 3 +300.0%
124 RWARwanda 4 3 +100.0%
125 COGCongo 4 - +300.0%
126 LIELiechtenstein 3 7 -40.0%
127 NCLNew Caledonia 3 5 -50.0%
128 CIVCôte d'Ivoire 3 2 +0.0%
129 KGZKyrgyzstan 3 2 +50.0%
130 LBYLibya 3 2 +0.0%
131 ALBAlbania 3 1 +0.0%
132 BENBenin 3 1 +50.0%
133 SMRSan Marino 3 1 +50.0%
134 SYRSyria 2 4 -50.0%
135 GUFFrench Guiana 2 3 +0.0%
136 MDAMoldova 2 3 -33.3%
137 CODDemocratic Republic of the Congo 2 2 +0.0%
138 FROFaroe Islands 2 2 -33.3%
139 PYFFrench Polynesia 2 2 +100.0%
140 GTMGuatemala 2 2 +100.0%
141 LAOLaos 2 2 new
142 PRYParaguay 2 2 +0.0%
143 GNBGuinea-Bissau 2 1 +0.0%
144 MLIMali 2 1 -50.0%
145 SLESierra Leone 2 1 +100.0%
146 SWZSwaziland 2 1 +100.0%
147 PRKKorea (North) 2 - +100.0%
148 KIRKiribati 1 3 +0.0%
149 MDGMadagascar 1 3 +0.0%
150 BRBBarbados 1 2 -66.7%
151 VUTVanuatu 1 2 new
152 AFGAfghanistan 1 1 -50.0%
153 DMADominica 1 1 +0.0%
154 FLKFalkland Islands (Malvinas) 1 1 +0.0%
155 HNDHonduras 1 1 +0.0%
156 MNGMongolia 1 1 +0.0%
157 MMRMyanmar 1 1 +0.0%
158 BTNBhutan 1 - new
159 TCDChad 1 - +0.0%
160 CUWCuraçao 1 - +0.0%
161 GABGabon 1 - new
162 PNGPapua New Guinea 1 - +0.0%
163 SSDSouth Sudan 1 - new
164 TJKTajikistan 1 - +0.0%
165 TGOTogo 1 - +0.0%
166 GRLGreenland - 2 -
167 ANDAndorra - 1 -
168 BHSBahamas - 1 -
169 BMUBermuda - 1 -
170 BDIBurundi - 1 -
171 HTIHaiti - 1 -
172 LSOLesotho - 1 -
173 MRTMauritania - 1 -
174 REURéunion - 1 -
175 TLSTimor-Leste - 1 -
Not on the 2023 single-year list, listed in earlier years: Anguilla (2022), Dominican Republic (2022), Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (2021), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2020)